Ingredient watch

Written By Lissie Lyles |

A hot steaming mug of hot cocoa is a classic winter comfort. As this month’s Herbs and Spices article points out, there are some troubling conditions for many people who harvest the world’s chocolate. From a nutrition standpoint, sugary, stimulant beverages, such as hot cocoa are not meant to be a part of the daily diet. Once in a while, a high quality hot chocolate is still a luxurious treat many of us like to indulge in. Buying fair-trade, organic hot cocoa reduces the chances that the cacao beans we are consuming were treated with dangerous chemicals during cultivation, or were grown on farms that use exploited labor and trafficked children.

Most well known grocery store hot cocoa brands are not fair trade, or organic; many contain all sorts of strange additives and fillers. Here’s a list of some popular hot cocoa mixes, contrasted with an organic, fair trade option.

Swiss Miss Chocolate Flavor Hot Cocoa Mix:

Ingredients: sugar, modified whey, cocoa (processed with alkali), hydrogenated coconut oil, nonfat milk, calcium carbonate, less than 2% of: salt, dipotassium phosphate, mono- and diglyderides, artificial flavor, carrageenan. Contains milk.

Pros: I’m just going to type a little smiley face here: ☺ (Cute isn’t it?), instead of typing something snarky.

Cons: The first ingredient listed is sugar. This cocoa is not certified organic, and could contain cocoa powder sourced through child slavery. If that weren’t reason enough to make you want to put down the box, the hydrogenated oil, chemical additives and long ingredient list are further reasons to never consume this beverage.

Nestle Hot Cocoa mix (fat free):

Ingredients: dairy product solids, nonfat milk, cocoa processed with alkali (dds insignificant amount of fat), Calcium Carbonate, Cellulose Gum, Salt, Artificial Flavors, Sodium Aluminoilcate, Sucralose, Sodium Phosphate, Scesulfame Potassium (Non-nutritive Sweetener).

Pros: Nonexistent.

Cons: As delicious as “dairy product solids” sounds…DPS are modified dairy products obtained by the removal of protein and/or lactose and/or minerals from milk or whey. Removal is accomplished by physical separation techniques, such as precipitation or filtration. PH adjusting chemicals are then added to this powdered ash and protein. Sodium Aluminoilcate contains the dangerous heavy metal aluminum. Scesulfame Potassium is an artificial sweetener that research has shown negatively impacts insulin levels, and may even contribute to some forms of cancer. If all that’s not enough to make you want to put this box back on the shelf, this hot cocoa has the same problems mentioned above. There is an extremely high chance the cacao was sprayed with dangerous pesticides, by child slaves.

Ghirardelli Double Hot Cocoa:

Ingredients: Sugar, Cocoa, Unsweetened Chocolate, Soy lecithin (an emulsifier), Vanilla

Pros: Only five ingredients, four of which are pretty much actual food.

Cons: The sugar, cocoa and vanilla are not organic, or fair trade sourced. While Ghirardelli’s website makes lots of lofty claims about their high quality beans, there is no mention of the actual source of their beans.

Equal Exchange Hot cocoa mix:

Ingredients: Organic evaporated sugar cane juice*, Organic nonfat dry milk powder, Organic cocoa powder*, processed with alkali, organic guar gum, sea salt, organic carob bean gum, organic vanilla powder, Organic vanilla extract, organic maltodextrin, organic gum arabic. (*=fair trade ingredient).

Pros: Organic and fair trade sourced ingredients. Member of The Fair Trade Federations (FTF), which is one of the most reputable groups in the fair trade movement.

Cons: Non-fat dry milk powder makes it not suitable for vegans, or those who are lactose intolerant. Because of the long-ish ingredient list, the milk powder and emulsifiers, this should still be considered a processed food. Meaning, that it’s best consumed occasionally, not regularly.

Chocolate was once considered a luxury food, something we did not eat every day. Being mindful of the great distances that chocolate must travel, as well as the intense labor required to grow, harvest and process this treat, makes the extra dollars spent on fair trade organic chocolate well worth it. Cheap chocolate, at the expense of exploited child labor, is far too high a price to pay.

References:

1. Fallon, Sally. Nourishing Traditions. New Trends Publishing. Washington DC, 2001.

2. http://www.minimus.biz/Swiss-Miss-Hot-Cocoa-F20-1002301-7100.aspx

3. www.amazon.com

4. http://shop.equalexchange.com/ProductInfo.aspx?productid=10505

5. www.wikipedia.org/cocoa

Part Three: Restoring environments, restoring hope

Written By Lissie Lyles |

It is easy to feel overwhelmed and hopeless when contemplating the implications of our changing climate. Witnessing the increase in natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes, mud slides, dust storms, tornadoes, tsunamis and the devastation they cause is disheartening to say the least. Sometimes, it appears as if there are no solutions, and that one’s own individual actions aren’t enough to create the kind of change necessary for a healthier planet.

In the first two parts of this series, we discussed farming practices that have a negative effect on the land and its inhabitants, in short, agricultural practices that can be summed up as unsustainable. Contemplate the meaning of that word “unsustainable” for a moment. It means that something cannot go on the way it has been indefinitely. Why? Because it is destroying the very resources or conditions that it depends upon. In other words, unsustainable farming practices will not continue, whether we choose to abandon them or not, because they simply cannot be supported by this planet forever. The urgent choice before us is whether or not to put to rest these unsustainable practices before our communities, and even our very lives, are destroyed in turn.

Thankfully, there is a growing movement of new methods of relating to the land that could not only be sustained indefinitely, but improve the health of the ecosystem, increase the abundance of food for its inhabitants, and reduce the effects of climate change. The film “Hope in a Changing Climate,” presented by Open University, offers some stunning examples of how environmental restoration projects can create profound improvements in areas that were once suffering the consequence of unsustainable land use.

15 years ago, China’s Loess Plateau, a region of 640,000 square kilometers in North Central China, seemed like a hopeless place. Poverty was rampant and the land had been stripped of its fertility by thousands of years of agricultural exploitation. Over-grazing by domestic live stock had stripped the hill tops of all vegetation, with no chance for young trees and shrubs to grow. When the rains came, instead of seeping into the earth, the rain washed down the hillsides, taking the top soil with it. Millions of tons of silt were swept into the Yellow river, impeding its flow and contributing to floods. In some areas, the silt built up so much that floating mud mattresses were created. In addition to this, during the dry season, the light and unprotected soil was swept into the winds, causing dust storms that extended far beyond China’s borders. It’s a process that can be seen over and over again throughout the world, and it becomes a vicious cycle of reduced crop yields, natural disasters and impoverished communities.

Fifteen years ago, Chinese and International environmental experts began an experiment, to see if the damage in this region could be reversed. They worked with the citizens of the Loess Plateau; planting trees on the highest mountains, and limiting the areas that live stock were allowed to graze, making it possible for vegetation to thrive once again. The people dug slopes and terraces into the hill sides, designed to help the rain water move gradually down the hill, preventing run off. The results of these restoration efforts created dramatic improvements in the area.

The return of natural vegetation prevents the rain from running straight down the slopes; instead the rain is absorbed into the earth like a sponge, and slowly seeps through the irrigated fields and terraces below. There is a significant reduction in the amount of silt carried into the Yellow River. Restoration occurred over an area of 35,000 square kilometers, and the people of the Loess Plateau have seen much higher crop yields, a greater variety of local produce and follow up studies have shown that incomes rose, three-fold. As the vegetation returned and the top soil replenished, the amount of carbon in the air was reduced as well. Here is a method of farming that is beneficial to every being in that ecosystem. The people are enjoying greater abundance, while the land itself is thriving; everybody wins.

Similar restoration efforts are now taking place in other parts of the world, with encouraging success stories starting to emerge from communities in Ethiopia and Rwanda as well. The film “Hope in a Changing Climate,” can be downloaded for free from I-tunes U. It is a must-watch film that documents the astounding potential of restoration projects such as these, which are changing lives for the better, and healing the land in a remarkably short period of time.

Many of the farming practices used in these restoration projects could fall under the heading of what is known as “permaculture.” Unlike agriculture, which seeks to alter the land, control it, and subdue it, permaculture principles begin by observing the workings of a healthy ecosystem and acknowledging the interconnectedness of all life forms with in that system. Landscapes are then designed, using these observations, to create food systems that are truly sustainable. This means they can continue indefinitely, without depleting the resources or conditions upon which they depend. Permaculture does not just consider individual parts, but looks at the relationship between life forms as a whole. This approach to design and organization is also starting to be successfully applied to architecture, energy and wastewater systems, even villages and economics.

Challenging times are often catalysts that inspire creative solutions to problems that once seemed insurmountable. The restoration efforts mentioned above, and the development of permaculture design, offer us hope; the ability to envision how to grow a healthier, saner world. The sooner we relinquish our attachment to farming practices that are unsustainable in favor of those that honor the land, the sooner we can create a better quality of life, for all of earth’s inhabitants. Just because something may require new behaviors and perspectives does not mean that it’s impossible. The choice is ours to make, we have much to gain from making these desperately needed changes, and everything to lose if we do not act now.

References:

1. Hemenway, Toby. Gaia’s Garden. Chelsea Green Publishing Company. Whiter River Junction, 2009.

2. www.open2.net/creativeclimate

3. i-tunes U:  Hope in a Changing Climate, sponsored by Open University

Written By Lissie Lyles |

Part One:

Bred from thin air, or lessons from the not so distant past?

“Caution: It is vitally important not to make connections. When you see pictures of rubble like this week’s shots from Joplin, Mo., you should not wonder: Is this somehow related to the tornado outbreak three weeks ago in Tuscaloosa, Ala., or the enormous outbreak a couple of weeks before that (which, together, comprised the most active April for tornadoes in U.S. history). No, that doesn’t mean a thing. It is [far] better to think of these as isolated, unpredictable, discrete events. It is not advisable to try to connect them in your mind with, say, the fires burning across Texas—fires that have burned more of America at this point this year than any wildfires have in previous years. Texas and adjoining parts of Oklahoma and New Mexico are drier than they’ve ever been—the drought is worse than that of the Dust Bowl. But do not wonder if they’re somehow connected.” ~ Bill McKibben, from the Washington Post

Whether we want to submit these drastic environmental changes under the heading of “human caused climate change” or not, we have to admit that there must be some connection between the rash of “natural” disasters that have devastated our country in recent months and years. The tornadoes, floods, droughts and fires that are sweeping across this country are indicative of a planet that is not healthy, a planet that is out of balance. We can choose to ignore these symptoms all we want, but doing so will not help the situation to improve. If our own body was exhibiting multiple symptoms of imbalance and illness, we would more than likely heed these warnings if we did not want the disease to progress irreversibly. When are we going to heed these same warnings from the great body of earth, on which our fragile lives depend?

Many of us can acknowledge the links between burning fossil fuels and an increase in greenhouse gasses; however the contributing factors to global warming are numerous. How we choose to organize our food systems and our farming practices has greatly impacted our environment and climate. In this three part series, we will explore how our choices in farming practices can either harm the earth, or help it to heal. We will also show how the health of an ecosystem is reflected in the health of the community that dwells there. In order to understand how to move forward in a responsible way, we must examine our past actions and learn from them. The history of fertilizer provides us with several important lessons.

Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium are the three most essential nutrients for plants. None of today’s major crops can survive without them. All of them can be found, in varying amounts, in manures and composts. For most plants, the most essential of the three is nitrogen. There are different types of nitrogen, for example, the air we breathe is composed of 80 percent nitrogen; but airborne nitrogen cannot be accessed by plants or animals. Plants depend upon fixed nitrogen, in the soil. Uncultivated virgin soils have fixed nitrogen stored in them; as the amount of fixed nitrogen is used by crops, the soil fertility drops year after year.

In the fall of 1898 Sir William Crookes, the incoming president of the British Academy of Sciences, issued a dire warning. The combination of an increasing world population, and a dwindling of available fertile soil, would pose the threat of famine and starvation as soon as the 1930′s. There was only one way out, he argued. The creation of vast amounts of synthetic fertilizer would be necessary to meet the increasing demands for food.

It must also be noted that nitre, a type of salt, also called saltpeter, originally discovered underground in caves, basements and crypts, is also essential in the process of making gunpowder. A single substance with the ability to increase crop yields, and supply a military with weapons, is a thing of value to any aspiring empire. The acquisition of it was a significant factor in the British takeover of India, for example. In addition to true saltpeter, there is also saltire, which is found in abundance throughout South America. For most of the 1800′s, many nations including the US, Britain and Germany depended on imported nitrites for both food and firearms.

Motivated by Crooke’s warning, an ambitious German chemist named Fritz Haber began experimenting with ways to extract nitrogen from the air, and turn it into a source of fixed nitrogen, in the form of ammonium sulfate. This had been attempted by other chemists without success, but Haber finally managed to do so in 1909. Then, in collaboration with Carl Bosch, they created gigantic machines capable of producing ammonia in unprecedented amounts. This discovery put Germany in a position of great advantage. It could now produce its own fertilizer, bombs and gunpowder at less expense than importing it, and it was the only nation with access to the technology.

The German government invested massive amounts of money to create two separate plants that housed the Haber-Bosch machines. These plants supplied the German Military in both world wars. Within their walls, the concept of chemical warfare was born. These laboratories created the poison gases used in the trenches of World War I and the concentration camps of World War II. Many of the key ingredients and processes stemmed from the technologies and materials used to create fertilizer.

Today, Haber-Bosch machines exist all over the world, drawing nitrogen from the air and converting it to synthetic fertilizer. These machines, and the materials they produce, have been credited with providing food to millions, if not billions of people. In some regions of the world that were facing extreme malnutrition due to famine, there now exists obesity epidemics. This has not been the only unintended consequence that has come from the use of these fertilizers.

Only some of the synthetic nitrogen stays in the soil, the rest is either re-released into the air, or into the water. Irrigation and soil run-off carries the nitrogen far from the farm fields. Nitrogen pollution in the water feeds blooms of algae that cloud the water, reducing the amount of sunlight that can reach plant life; which affects the entire food chain, killing all life below. As the vegetation dies and rots, it pulls oxygen out of the water. This affects both fresh water systems and oceans. Roughly 1.5 million tons of fixed nitrogen flow into the Baltic Sea north of Germany every year, making it one of the most polluted marine ecosystems on earth, and collapsing a once thriving cod-fishing trade. The Great Barrier Reef, Mediterranean and Black Seas are also showing effects of this pollution. The largest area of nitrate affected waters is the dead zone, off the coast of Louisiana in the US. It is an area the size of the state of New Jersey, and growing. This dead zone is one of more than 150 dead zones that have been identified around the world.

The very material that was celebrated as a substance that could end world hunger is contributing to the death of thousands of life forms that were once available food sources. Meanwhile, the use of these fertilizers in combination with mono cropping, has contributed to the processed foods that are often implicated as a cause of obesity. Furthermore, repeated application of nitrogen fertilizers strips the soil itself, making it less able to absorb water, contributing to droughts, mudslides and floods. Healthy soil is able to hold more greenhouse gasses than depleted soil. The less healthy the soil, the more carbon is released into the air.

When Crooke’s made his dire warning back in 1898, there were several factors that he failed to take into account. For instance, he failed to acknowledge the role that mono-cropping of nitrogen greedy plants, such as wheat and corn, play in reduced soil fertility. He didn’t consider the inefficiency of favoring annual food crops, which must be replanted year after year, over perennial ones, which can thrive for many years, and increase yields over time. He failed to take into account that with the increased industrialization and urbanization, comes a reduction in available land for growing food; and a higher cost to ship food from afar. To suggest that synthetic nitrogen is the one and only solution is limiting, to say the least.

Even Bosch himself was able to recognize the paradox inherent in his machine. In 1921, after an explosion at one of the original Haber-Bosch plants killed hundreds of workers, Bosch spoke candidly at the memorial, “It was precisely the stuff meant to provide nourishment and life to millions…the stuff which we produced and distributed for years, which suddenly proved itself to be a cruel enemy for reasons we do not know. It has put our work to ashes.”

To create new methods of stabilizing the nitrogen in our soil, while being mindful of the impact that is sustained by the entire ecosystem, will be numbered among the great challenges of our generation.

Part two will explore the effects of GMO seeds.

References:

1. Hager, Tomas. The Alchemy of Air. Three Rivers Press. New York, 2008

2. www.wikipedia.org/nitrogenfertilizer

3. www.washingtonpost.com

4. www.350.org

Round-up weed-killing spray and Genetically Modified Round-up Ready seeds are quite possibly the most threatening substances to the world’s ability to continue growing healthy food. While Monsanto, the makers of Round-up, claim that any damage caused by Glyphosate, the main ingredient in Round-up, is primarily sustained by the weeds it is intended to kill; with any remaining chemicals breaking down quickly in the soil, there is emerging evidence to suggest that the consequences of using Round-up may be devastating to plants, animals and humans alike.

“Round up-Ready” seeds have been genetically modified to resist the weed killer. This means, if you plant a field of “Round-up Ready Corn” you can spray the whole field down with Round-up, and everything that is not corn, i.e. weeds, will die. As usual, there is a cost to this conscience-less convenience. Round-up essentially attacks the immune system of the plant, similar to how the AIDS virus affects humans. It makes the plant unable to protect itself against certain micronutrients in the soil. The overuse of Glyphosate created severe deficiencies in micronutrients normally present in healthy soil, and an over abundance of new organisms previously unknown to science.

Recently, a team of US scientists discovered an organism associated with a rise in plant diseases in Round-up Ready corn and soybean crops, which are commonly used for animal feed as well. On January 17th of this year, internationally recognized plant pathologist Dr. Don Huber, a retired Colonel with over 50 years of experience studying plant diseases and who spent 35 years as a Professor Emeritus at Purdue University, wrote a letter to USDA Secretary Tom Vilsak. In this letter, Dr. Huber warned Vilsak of the discovery of a new pathogen and a possible link between Round-up, Round-up Ready Seeds (RR), and severe reproductive problems in live stock and widespread crop failure. It is rare for an infectious agent to promote diseases in both plants and mammals. The pathogen was found in high concentrations in RR soybean meal and corn, fermentation feed products, distillers meal, pig stomach contents and pig and cattle placentas. The organism is prolific in failed crops in many US Midwestern farm lands that have been treated with the herbicide, or were planted with RR seed. Diseases such as Goss’ wilt for corn, and sudden death syndrome of soybeans were light-to-non-existent in non-GMO crops in the same area, but commonly observed in RR crops. Livestock that fed on the GMO RR corn and soy also saw an increase in infertility, miscarriage, still birth and other fertility issues. As a startling example, 450 of 1,000 heifers who were fed wheat grown and treated with Round-up experienced spontaneous abortions. Over that same period another 1,000 heifers from that same herd, who were raised on hay and not exposed to Glyphosate, had zero abortions–ZERO. Remember that humans are mammals too; meaning that exposure to Glyphosate is not any less dangerous for us.

In his letter, Dr. Huber charges, “It is urgent to examine whether the side-effects of Glyphosate use may have facilitated the growth of this pathogen, or allowed it to cause greater harm to weakened plant and animal hosts. It is well-documented that Glyphosate promotes soil pathogens and is already implicated with the increase of more than 40 plant diseases; it dismantles plant defenses by chelating vital nutrients; and it reduces the bioavailability of nutrients in feed, which in turn can cause animal disorders…We are now seeing an unprecedented trend of increasing plant and animal diseases and disorders. This pathogen may be instrumental to understanding and solving this problem. It deserves immediate attention with significant resources to avoid a general collapse of our critical agricultural infrastructure.”

Dr. Huber requested a moratorium on the deregulation of further RR crops. These requests were ignored, and Round-up Ready Sugar beets and Alfalfa were approved by the U.S. Dept of Agriculture (USDA) a few months later. Instead of taking Huber’s concern’s seriously, they were ignored and attempts were made by the mainstream media to discredit and distort his research. Since then, Huber has released further evidence that was not yet complete or published, which support his claims, as well as research from other studies on GMO crops that have already been published in peer review journals.

If the USDA and our own government refuse to take Dr. Huber’s claims seriously, we as conscious consumers still have the ability to vote against GMO crops and poisonous Monsanto products, every time we go to the store. Every time we purchase organic produce, we are eating food that has not been exposed to Glyphosate. When we purchase grass or pasture fed, organic meat and dairy, we are eating food that has not been exposed to Glyphosate. When we refuse to purchase or use Round-up in our own back yards, we not only protect ourselves and our loved ones from Glyphosate, but we protect our neighbors from exposure as well. If we as business owners refuse to carry Monsanto’s products, we are doing a great service to our community. As responsible citizens, we must declare that Round-up and Round-up Ready crops can have no place in our gardens until we can be satisfied that they do not pose such dangerous risks on our food system. For more information about what you can do to aid the effort to ensure a more sustainable food system, see the links below.

References:

1.http://action.fooddemocracynow.org/sign/dr_hubers_warning/?akid=314.257217.t1iP73&rd=1&t=6#research

2. Dr. Huber’s Letter: http://www.lavidalocavore.org/showDiary.do?diaryId=4523

3.http:/alternet.org/story/150733/why_is_damning_new_evidence_about_monsanto%27s_most_widely_used_herbicide_being_silenced?page=1

There are many reasons why people choose their home. One might look for the standard “location, location, location,” while others continue to search for the special place that just “feels” like home. But as economic strain and ecological shift become key factors in how we choose our lives, more of us are beginning to take the alternate route. This path is not new, but one that simply guides us back to our roots; to a place where alternative energy, green home design and sweat equity thrive.

That is what two families, who are local to our region, decided to do. One family spent over two years constructing their straw bale home; where the other focused energies on giving back: dedicating 160 acres to Mother Earth. Both families are living off the grid, in country settings that are “close enough” to town. Their stories are different, but share the same voice overall: change.

Teresa Howell, single mother of two, lives with her youngest daughter in Winnemucca, Nevada. She and her family built the first straw bale home in Humboldt County. With a goal of going completely off grid, this English teacher at Great Basin College is doing just that.

After selling her “city” home in Winnemucca, Teresa set out to make a life on the five acre parcel that is four miles from town and six miles from her work. With diligent research, she decided that a straw bale house would fit her budget and the lifestyle she was seeking.

Together, the Howell family spent evenings, weekends and entire school breaks building their home. They worked on numerous projects including installing insulation and the interior plaster walls. With a combination of family initiative, friends and contractors, the home was complete in two and a half years.

To insure the stability of her investment, Teresa had the home engineered and followed the Nevada permit and inspection process. She also paid a little more for upgrades in her home including a metal roof, knotty pine, good windows and slate flooring. In the end, she found that the idea of a straw bale home being “incredibly cheap to build” was a myth. The total cost was close to one hundred thirty thousand dollars.

“Before I started the process, I talked to several banks. I was told that although they wouldn’t give me a construction loan, they’d finance me once I was finished,” Teresa commented. She believes that the housing market collapse created a problem, as she was still not able to get a loan in the end.

As Teresa explained the financial discrepancies, the positive outcome of her undertaking was still present. She described working with her daughters and how you could tell who did what, as they used their own hands to work and move the plaster on the wall. It is apparent that the effort these women put into their home ties them to it, almost on a spiritual level. “I bet I bled into every single piece of this house,” Teresa said.

Now, there is a 25 ft by 30 ft straw bale home—with a 20 ft by 26 ft interior, plus loft—sitting on that five acre parcel that is just four miles from town and six miles from work. Teresa has large gardens, where she plants a variety of fruits and vegetables. Her electricity is completely off grid, coming from what she calls her “juice box.” She does not own a vehicle, but rather hoofs or bikes into work on her commuter bicycle. Her next plan: chickens, a goat or two and to not buy groceries for one year; relying solely on her gardens.

Howell “Post and Beam” Straw Bale Home Stats:

Exterior: 25 ft by 30 ft

Interior: 20 ft by 26 ft, plus loft (20 foot ceiling)

Foundation: Concrete, 3” blue foam insulation (natural heating)

Square Footage: approx 900 sq ft

Roof: gable, 7/12 pitch – solar panels mounted on top

Energy: Solar, back-up generator (propane), propane hot water, dryer and cook stove

Heat/Cooling: JOTUL Wood Stove for heating the entire home (firebox is 16” L X 12” W), strategic placement of windows, sun Roofs

Water: Well (110 volt AC pump)

More than twenty years ago, Janaia Donaldson and Robin Mallgren, of Yuba Gals Independent Media, chose to move away from mainstream and create a self-sustainable life for their family. During a time when “going green” was not a current fad or trend, these women placed value in connecting with nature.

It was during the early eighties when Janaia and Robin met at Xerox, where they both worked. Janaia was working as a graphic designer and Robin as a software programmer. After a few years, and reading a powerful book on the binding role that finance plays in one’s life, they felt a “higher calling,” they recalled. Janaia created a goal to become debt free. She envisioned complete financial independence. Robin tied her calling to nature; she grew up in Olympia National Forest and truly felt complete in a natural setting. Given the fact that they lived in the San Francisco Bay Area at the time, both of these goals seemed more idealistic than realistic. But after a few years of planning, living frugally and finding the perfect spot, the couple bought a 40 acre parcel of land in the mountains near Nevada City, CA, known as Lone Bobcat Woods.

Starting with 40 acres and a web-work of trees and nature, they began the work that was needed to build a home, a life. While doing so, they were able to keep their jobs with Xerox and work remotely. This provided the financial means to purchase land, a home and all of the materials for their projects.

Ultimately, they wanted two things: 1) to use renewable and self-sustaining resources and 2) to keep the land that surrounded their home undeveloped. This would also tie into financial freedom, as living off-grid is much less expensive in the long run.

Instead of building a home, they chose a manufactured home; with a few added eco-friendly designs of their choosing. This gave them more time to focus on implementing the first part of the plan. Robin and Janaia put their own sweat and tears into this project, as they dug trenches, laid telephone and electric wiring, hauled rocks, helped with the water and natural gas (propane) lines, etc. Over time, they added two porches, a deck and a three-car garage, and did so with many salvaged materials.

Within one year of purchasing their first parcel of land, Janaia and Robin purchased another parcel that was connected to theirs; and within five more years, the couple purchased two more parcels, making a combined total of 160 acres of land.

Far beyond the fact that these women purchased land and built a life on it, based on self-sufficiency, is the achievement they made with nature. After purchasing and paying off the land, within less than ten years, they were able to create conservation easements, working with a land trust to do so. While Janaia and Robin hold the title, or possess the main ownership of the land, the land trust they are working with holds the conservation easements that prevent development and old growth clearing. This means that no matter what happens to Janaia, Robin or the land trust, the easement is permanently attached to the deed of the land. It is now and forever, protected land.

In the early 2000’s, Janaia and Robin stopped working for Xerox. Since then, they have been living debt-free and find financial support with their current online television series, “peakmoment.tv.” The series focuses on use of peak oil, industrialization collapse, environmental concerns, living simply, financial freedom, etc.

After making the shift to an independent lifestyle years ago, and watching what was happening in the world, they wanted to provide others with the knowledge they acquired. Equipped with a mobile studio in their RV, they travel the US, conducting interviews with authors, researchers, scientists and so on. Their current plans: to continue traveling for most of the year and rent what they call their “big house” in Lone Bobcat Woods, beginning this summer. It will not only insure that their home is taken care of during their travels, it will also serve as a learning tool for others. Helping yet another family connect to their roots.

Janaia and Robin’s Lone Bobcat Woods “Big House” Stats:

Exterior: 24 ft by 44 ft

Interior: 2 bed, great room and 1 bath

Square Footage: approx 1156 sq ft

Energy: 24 Solar Panels, AC Inverter, DC (fridge and water pump) propane range and water heater, back-up generator

*An average American household uses 35kwh/day, where Janaia and Robin use about 3kwh/day.

Heat/Cooling: Wood stove (they use to cook on as well), homemade insulation coverings for each window, sky light in every room

Water: 235 ft Well (DC pump)

Energy Savers: Turn off the battery inverter at night. Hang clothes to dry outside in the spring and inside during the winter. Small, non-essential electric appliances are not needed (microwave, waffle iron, etc).

As we stare into the face of a changing world, we prepare for the worst; while making the best of what we have. Change, however, is inevitable and it is beginning…we are changing the way we spend money, but more importantly, the way we live our lives. Most people were forced into this situation, having to give up their lifestyle due to financial setbacks. But more and more of us are making this decision on our own; choosing to take our lives into our own hands, while breaking through social norms, “tradition” and the cookie-cutter phenomenon.

References:

1. www.peakmoment.tv

2. www.ahouseofstraw.com

3. www.strawbale.com.

4. www.caneloproject.com

Capitalism a Tool for Transformation

Written By Joy Taylor |

Imagine a world where we truly live and do business in integrity with our values.  Imagine a world where the most successful businesses are those that not only turn a large profit but also create positive social and environmental change. Imagine businesses taking the responsibility to transform the planet, to advocate peace, global partnerships and ecological preservation. Imagine companies that promote employee development and family values.

Business is a powerful force on the planet. Can it be used to improve life on earth? Many people blame business for the destruction of the planet and culture. Now, a growing number of eco-commerce advocates are pointing to business as the solution, not the problem.

As a business owner, trainer and consultant, I continue to engage in the conversation that we can create positive change through commerce. Model companies share inspirational stories. Entrepreneurs report that enthusiasm is building as consumers are choosing to vote with their dollars and buy products that support the environment. Green businesses are building loyalty and thriving in today’s market place. Companies that value people and employees develop deep respect and grow in prosperity.

While nonprofits and charities offer part of the solution to global issues, business may have a louder voice, thanks to careful consumers. Greenline Paper Company offers office supplies that are recycled and nontoxic. Ecomall.com is the largest environmental shopping center on line.  And Recycline offers a subscription toothbrush program where members use brushes made of recycled products. Fair Trade coffees and chocolates have become popular commodities that guarantee third world harvesters are getting paid a premium for their efforts. We are saving the planet one purchase at a time.

Amazon Herb Company is another example of this new evolved paradigm in business, offering sustainably harvested wild foods from the Amazon. Working with 14 villages in the upper basin of Peru, a relationship based on mutual respect and trust allows the indigenous people to preserve hundreds of thousands of acres while proving that the Rainforest is more valuable alive than dead. Recent studies show that an acre of Rainforest used for cattle grazing is valued at $60. That same acre used for lumber is worth $400, but when used to sustainably wild-craft herbs, its value increases to $2,400; and still remains intact, as a living and thriving environment.

“The beauty of our company is that we provide people with not only products to improve their lives, but a means to contribute to the preservation of the Rainforest. We use commerce as a powerful tool for positive change in an economically sustainable model,” states John Easterling, founder of Amazon Herb Company.

Ray Anderson, founder, chairman and CEO of Interface, Inc., a billion dollar manufacturer of products for commercial and institutional interiors, commands a unique view of the case for corporate responsibility. His recycled carpet is the best selling in his line of carpets. His factories are building towards total ecological balance. He voluntarily controls toxic wastes and improves standards yearly.  He is leading the way for billion dollar companies to set higher standards.

Other proponents of more evolved business practices include Paul Hawkins, author of Natural Capitalism and The Ecology of Commerce; Paul Newman, who donates 100 percent of profits from Newman’s Own to charities; Daniel Etsy and Winston, authors of Green to Gold; and Laurie Beth Jones, author of The Path: Creating your Mission Statement for Work and Life, who believes that by following our deepest values we can make a positive impact without personal or planetary compromise.

Conscious business is on the rise. You can make a difference by shopping wisely, supporting green business and starting your own enterprises that make our planet a healthy home for all of us and for many generations. As Paul Hawkins writes, “Ironically, business contains our blessing. It must, because no other institution in the modern world is powerful enough to foster the necessary changes.” Use business to our favor. It is not the enemy. Business done correctly is our ally.

References:

1. Hawkins, Paul. Natural Capitalism. Back Bay Books; 1st edition. December, 2008.

2. Hawkins, Paul. The Ecology of Commerce. Harper Paperbacks; Revised edition. October, 2010.

3. Jones, Laurie Beth. The Path: Creating your Mission Statement for Work and Life. Hyperion. August, 1998.

4. Etsy, Daniel; Winston, Andrew. Green to Gold. Wiley; Rev Upd edition. January, 2009

5. www.amazonherb.net

Every time you provide your name and address when buying a product you’re signing up to receive direct mail pieces. This occurs when you buy a car or a house, use a shopping card, sign up for a credit card, subscribe to a magazine, buy something from a catalog, give money to a charity, or fill out a product registration form. Once signed up, your name is put into a database for that company. Often companies will rent out their database lists to other businesses for direct marketing.

There is a way to cut back the amount of direct mail you receive. By contacting the Direct Marketing Association you can register to have your name removed via the Mail Preference Service. This will take your name off most major catalog list rentals. You can register online or by mail. The Direct Marketing Association also allows you to pick and choose what direct mail pieces you receive. Sometimes it’s nice to not have to go the store to see what is on sale.

This year, go green by eliminating excess waste. You can end the annoyance of mail pieces that go straight from your mailbox to your trash.

To register by mail:
Mail Preference Service
Direct Marketing Association Inc.
Box 9008 Box 282
Carmel, NY 10512

To register online: www.dmachoice.org

Most people are unaware that the use of electricity is a huge contributor toward air pollution. It seems so clean. We plug a cord into the wall and there are no fumes, no gas or smoke. We do not see the pollutants; however, the production of electricity is typically achieved through burning coal or fossil fuels.

In fact, electricity generated by fossil fuels for a single home puts more carbon dioxide into the air than two average cars. In addition, as resources for producing energy become less abundant along with the associated costs to bring it to your home, the cost to supply electricity to homes and businesses continues to rise.

Your home uses energy all day long, every day. It not only uses energy to keep you warm or cool, it also provides hot water and light. The electronics that control our appliances, like clocks, computers, entertainment center, etc. are consuming energy 24 hours a day. The good news is that there are ways that we can save energy and money at home and place of business.

Ideas for saving energy
Traditional incandescent light bulbs are actually small heaters that produce a little light. These types of bulbs waste a lot of energy and generate a lot of heat for the amount of light that they produce. The use of energy saving light bulbs like LED or compact fluorescent lamps offer many advantages, such as lasting ten times longer as well as saving a considerable amount of energy and money.

Although the initial cost of the light bulb is a little higher, the savings far outweigh that cost. Consider an 8 watt LED light bulb that has an equivalent light output to a 60 watt incandescent bulb and lasts a projected 20,000 to 40,000 hours. Think of the money saved in purchasing light bulbs that last a fraction of that time, let alone trips to the store and all the hassles that go along with that, not to mention the energy savings.

Many businesses still use older style T-12 fluorescent lights and/or high intensity lighting in their warehouse or parking lots. These are areas of tremendous energy usage to a business.

If we look at a standard parking lot light, it is typically a 400 watt Metal Halide light bulb with a ballast kit to ignite and keep the lamp lit. The total wattage would be 456 watts. By disconnecting the ballast and replacing the lamp with a 90 watt LED bulb, the energy saving alone pays for the installation cost in less than a year. Other benefits include an extended life. The LED lamp is more environmentally friendly and doesn’t contain toxic material and the bulbs come on instantly as opposed to taking up to 10 minutes to cycle on.

In many cases, lights are left on in businesses or at home when no one is using the area. A motion sensor or occupancy sensor will reduce unnecessary
waste by shutting lights off in localized areas that are not in use.

More Ideas

• A good quality plug strip to turn off phantom power while not being used, i.e. DVD players, TVs, kitchen appliances, computer, etc. will save you money.
• Use timers for electric water heaters or install an on-demand water heater.
• Fill the washer, dryer or dish washer with full loads, rather than doing multiple small loads.
• Do not over dry your clothes.
• Ceiling fans move trapped air, therefore you can use them instead of your air conditioner, or to help your heating/air conditioner be more efficient.

Raw Materials: Are They Sustainable?
PAPER:
Raw materials are renewable. The paper industry replenishes more than it takes and ensures sustainability by planting 1.7 million trees every single day, more than three times what is harvested.

The Dept. of Energy has stated that the carbon sequestered on forested lands in 2006 was greater than the carbon released from harvesting wood over the same period.

ELECTRONIC:
Making a computer requires the mining and refining of dozens of minerals and metals, including gold, silver and palladium, as well as the extensive use of plastics and hydrocarbon solvents.
The lifespan of a computer is short, and electronics have become the fastest growing waste stream in the world.

End of Life: How Does It Break Down?
PAPER:
Paper is a biodegradable substance that is also recyclable and reusable. Nearly 60 percent of all paper in the U.S. is recycled and more than 63 percent of the fiber used to make new paper products in the U.S. comes from recycled sources.

ELECTRONIC:
Only 18 percent of all electronic devices are currently recycled. 1.84 million tons of these devices were disposed of in U.S. landfills in 2006, and an estimated 30-40 million Pcs will be ready for disposal in each of the next few years. Additionally, e-waste now constitutes our single largest toxic waste export.

The fact is, both print and digital media must become increasingly more sustainable to survive, and the choices we make should be based on a data-driven comparative analysis of lifecycle and total environmental impact. The paper and forest products industry has been addressing sustainability for decades, and adheres to many third-party certification standards and government regulations. They have made great progress and have a true environmental story to tell.

Energy Consumption: Is It Efficient?

PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY:
One of the biggest users of renewable, low-carbon energy in the world.
60% of the energy used to make paper in the U.S. comes from renewable resources and is produced on site at mills. These facilities use combined heat and power (CHP) generation systems, which are 80-90% efficient. Fossil fuel use and purchased energy in this industry is steadily decreasing.

ELECTRONIC DATA CENTER SERVERS:
Taking only the servers that power the Internet as comparison, the electronics industry uses more than 90% fossil fuels purchased off the grid. The conventional power generation systems used are only 45-60% efficient. And the consumption rate for data centers in the
U. S. alone doubled from 2000-2006 and is set to double again by 2011.

Sources:

1. Alliance to Save Energy, PC Energy Report 2009; Swedish Royal Institute for Technology; Paper & the Environment, ATS Consulting, August 2007; Institute for Supply Management (ISM, formerly NAPM); American Forest and Paper Association (AF&PA); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); International Energy Agency (IEA)

Illustration created by Stephanie Casino

Health & Quality of Indoor Environment ••• Part 6

Written by Kimberly A. Phipps-Nichols |

The previous five issues were devoted to measures one can take to green a home or lifestyle, and here are some final tips for Greening the Workplace. Most people spend as many hours at work as they do at home, so the workplace is an incredibly important topic. To be “In the Green” in more ways than one, consider the steps below:

1. Turn off computers & printers. Even in sleep mode, they eat electricity. While it may be a small, latent amount, it is still consumption. A good rule of thumb: If you’ll be away from the computer for more than ½ hour, turn it off. Costs nothing and saves money, period.

2. Purchase post-consumer recycled content papers that do not use chlorine bleaches. After printing, return ink and toner cartridges to office supply stores or refill stores for reuse and recycling.

3. Print on both sides of each sheet of paper, and print only what is absolutely necessary. Scan and save documents rather than copying whenever feasible and legal. Send electronic invoices rather than print.

4. Install a water filter system at the kitchen faucet tap and provide employees with reusable cups and glasses. Avoid plastic bottled water – this is not only an environmental issue, plastic water bottles are now a health concern due to leaching of compounds.

5. Initiate a “green team” with various colleagues at work that support recycling, resource conservation and reuse ideals. The team can help remind co-workers and bosses of why these steps are important and ensure that the goals are not compromised.

6. Start car-pooling with coworkers, and ask if your employer offers public transportation or carpooling benefits. Many employers are eligible for tax breaks for providing public transportation and carpooling benefits. It also saves money on gas.

7. Recycle all acceptable containers and paper materials. Make sure there are not only bins in the break room, but that each workstation has a paper-recycling bin.

8. Eliminate “disposables” from office purchases. It saves money and reduces waste. Ask your office manager to consider providing new hires with a refillable pen and pencil set and a company logo thermal mug for their daily coffee.

9. When it’s time to replace the office equipment, purchase or lease Energy Star equipment. In an office environment, approved equipment can save hundreds to thousands of dollars in energy costs. www.energystar.gov

10. If your office is moving or remodeling, be sure to hire a licensed design professional that has documented experience in healthy, high-performance, environmentally responsible projects. The health and welfare of occupants should be their #1 goal.

References:
1. www.energystar.gov

2. www.howstuffworks.com

3. Energy Information Administration www.eia.doe.gov

For more info, contact Kimberly A. Phipps-Nichols, President of Blue Water Studio, at (775) 560-2612.

Written by Morgan Tiar |

Flushing the toilet, washing your hands, cleaning dishes, laundry, quenching your thirst – these all take water, and lots of it. Eighty-five percent of Reno’s water comes from the Truckee River, which is supplied from snow and rain fall throughout the year. So far this year we are a bit dry with our snowpack at about 60 percent of normal. It is time to think about water conservation.

You can do simple and inexpensive things in your home to help conserve water. Get a low flow toilet – 1.6 gallons per flush. If you don’t have one, simply put a rock-filled jar in your toilet’s tank to take up space and cut down on water usage. Toilets are about 20 percent of a household’s usage. Low flow showerheads are readily available, easy to install and can save up to 20,000 gallons yearly. For your sinks, install faucet aerators. These are inexpensive and can reduce the flow to 1.5 gallons per minute compared to three to five gallons that standard faucet use.

Other simple tips:
• Turn water off when brushing your teeth, washing your face, etc.
• If you like cold drinking water, keep a pitcher in the fridge instead of running your water to get cold.
• Run full loads in your dishwasher and washing machine. Use efficient machines if possible.
• Water your lawns and gardens at night or early in the morning. Less water will evaporate.
• Use the water you cooked your pasta, veggies, or other foods to water your plants.

References:
1. National Geographic Green Guide www.thegreenguide.com

2. Truckee Meadows Water Authority www.TMWA.com

3. www.wateruseitwisely.com

For more info, contact EcoReno, LLC at (775) 324-6326.

Written by Champ Clark |

A lot of energy and resources are used to bring you bottled water. The quality of that water isn’t monitored or regulated much more than what comes out of your tap at home. Cost-wise, 16 ounces of bottled water costs the equivalent of $7 a gallon. By getting a reusable water bottle you will introduce fewer plastic bottles into the world, reduce the number of fuel-burning truck trips carrying bottled water, and keep the 80 percent that’s not recycled from ever seeing the landfill. There are several options for reusable water bottles.

Plastic is a common choice, but some concern has been raised with studies of Bisphenol-A. BPA is a chemical that is used in the production of reusable plastic water bottles. It leaches at a higher rate from containers when heated or in contact with acidic materials. Recent studies by Centers for Disease Control found BPA in 93 percent of 2500 persons tested. BPA mimics estrogen and can cause breast and prostate cancer, thyroid disease, early puberty in females and decreased sperm counts in males. BPA is primarily found in hard plastics usually denoted with the number seven. Many companies pulled their products and changed the type used to a BPA-free plastic.

A metal bottle avoids this issue and typically your choices are aluminum or stainless steel. Aluminum is lightweight but the safety of it is still undetermined. Aluminum is found throughout the environment in a number of products and processes including food and water treatment. There has been some concern with a link between aluminum and Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s disease).

Stainless steel is long-lasting, chemically inert, sustainable, clean tasting and 100 percent recyclable. It is non-toxic. Stainless steel is a great alternative to protect mother earth and your health.

References:

1. People Weekly, May 19, 2008 Vol. 69 Issue 19, p146-146.

2. www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/water-eau/alum-eng.php – Health Canada.

For more info, contact EcoReno, LLC at (775) 324-6326.

By Sara Piccola |

The idea of looking at the “big picture” when buying a new vehicle is nice, however, working with the “now” is a more realistic trend for buyers. Our cars are more than just a piece of machinery that get us from point A to point B. When purchasing a vehicle drivers take into consideration all the possibilities and tasks they will need their car for. The idea of buying a practical car is abstract, because in today’s market-driven society, the things we buy are a representation of ourselves, and practical cars often fail in this category.

Living where we do, many of us lean towards SUV’s and vehicles that are more versatile. Vehicles that can get us up the mountain in the winter and accommodate all our beach toys for the summer. However, there are eco-friendly options that can provide us with what we want from a vehicle, and more.

Hybrid cars have gained in popularity over the last few years. By 2015 sales of hybrid cars are expected to have tripled. Nonetheless, per month, hybrid cars only account for 2% of all new vehicle purchases. The hybrid car gets better gas mileage, costs less to maintain, and preserves the natural environment. So why aren’t more of these cars being sold?

Part of the problem is the demand for certain hybrid models. The Toyota Prius and Camry Hybrid are the most popular hybrid models and the companies are unable to respond to heightened consumer demand for high-efficiency vehicles.

A second set back is that people often ask the wrong question when thinking about a hybrid, “Do hybrids save money?”  What needs to be asked is, “Do people who are buying hybrid cars really care about saving money?”  Research done on hybrid car owners has shown that consumers purchase a hybrid to express their vision of a better world, and their desire for a society where people work together to improve the greater good, not to save money. Nonetheless, hybrid owners do save some money in the long run.

How big of a difference do hybrids make?

For every gallon of gas burned, we produce 20 pounds of carbon dioxide (CO2) that is immediately released into the air. Hybrid cars can save the earth a couple of tons of greenhouse gases. Hybrid cars are powered not only by gas but by a rechargeable electric battery. This makes the car more fuel efficient and takes off the full reliance on gas.

The conventional car runs on a lead acid battery which is not environmentally friendly. Today, hybrid cars use a Nickel-Metal-Hydride (NiMH) battery which lowers the toxicity levels and environmental impact. Hybrid car dealers, such as Honda and Toyota, also place decals on their batteries for a toll free number that consumers can call for returning the battery to the dealership. Once returned the battery is 100% recycled. Toyota even offers a $200 bounty for returned batteries.

Dealers have begun to make hybrids in all shapes and sizes so that our everyday lives do not need to be compromised for a fuel efficient car. Today there are 15 different models of hybrids available and more than 50 are expected by 2010.

Options Outside of Hybrids

You don’t have to buy a hybrid to have a fuel efficient and eco-friendly mode of transportation. You’ve probably noticed more scooters than usual on the streets. The most popular brand of scooter is the Vespa. Vespas have been running in Europe since the 1940’s, however, high gas prices have increased sales of Vespas in the United States.

Vespas can get between 75-120 miles per gallon. Although most Vespas do not average over 60 mph, the more expensive you’re willing to go, the faster your scooter will go. Even then, your average price is still immensely lower than a conventional vehicle.

Vespa doesn’t stop at their amazing gas mileage; they’ve moved forward with the times and have come out with the three-wheeled hybrid Vespa Scooter. The hybrid scooter can receive up to 170 miles per gallon. The electric powered motor of the scooter can be programmed to fit individual preferences. Now there’s something you can’t find anywhere else.

The Choice is Ours

In the end the question is not what our options are, it is what we really care about when purchasing a new vehicle. Style, speed, and image often hinder our options. However, with a little research and consideration for how our purchases affect the environment, an eco-friendly option is better for the “now” and the “big picture”.

References:

1. www.hybridcars.com

2. www.ecogeek.org/content/view/857/

3. www.engines.piaggio.com/_vti_g2_env.asp

By Brittany Russell |

According to the U.S. Department of Energy, wind energy is the fastest-growing energy source in the world.

Advantages:

• A clean fuel source. Wind energy does not pollute the air, and wind turbines do not produce atmospheric emissions that cause acid rain or greenhouse gasses.

• Wind energy is a domestic source of energy.

• Wind is a renewable energy resource, a form of solar energy.

• Wind is one of the lowest-priced technologies, costing between 4 and 6 cents per kilowatt-hour.

• Wind turbines can be built on farms or ranches, which would benefit the economy. Also, wind power plant owners make rent payments to the farmer or rancher. The land can still be worked because only a fraction of the land is used.

Challenges:

• Depending on how energetic a wind site is, the wind farm may or may not be cost competitive. The technology requires a higher initial investment than fossil-fueled generators.

• Wind energy cannot be stored (unless batteries are used) and not all winds can be harnessed to meet the timing of electricity demands.

• Good wind sites are often located in remote locations.

• There is some concern over the noise produced and visual impacts.

Is wind power possible in Nevada?

A resource map of Nevada published by the Department of Energy’s Wind Program and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) depicts wind speed estimates at 50 meters, a speed suitable for utility-scale wind development. In the future, plans are to provide wind speed estimates at 30 meters, useful for small wind turbine opportunities.

The Department of Energy has also stated that lower elevation areas of good-to-excellent resource are located near Las Vegas and near Ely, as well as on the

higher ridge crests throughout the state.

Economic Impact

Wind Powering America’s Nevada arm, Wind Power Nevada, outlines the direct and indirect economic impact of 1000 MW, which under the 20 percent wind power by 2030 nationwide vision is Nevada’s nameplate capacity:

Direct Impact:

• $2.7 million per year in payments to landowners

• $7.3 million per year in property tax revenue

• 1346 new construction jobs ($189 million to local economies)

• 226 new long-term jobs ($21.2 million a year to local economies)

Indirect Impact:

• 1240 new construction jobs ($133.9 million to local economies)

• 172 local jobs ($19.1 million a year to local economies)

Total Impact – construction plus 20 years of operation:

• $1.3 billion

• 2586 new local jobs during construction

• 398 new local long-term jobs

Local Contact: Nevada State Wind Working Group, Bob Cooper, Chairman 775-684-1184.

References:

1. U.S. Department of Energy – Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Wind and Hydropower Technologies Program, www.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro

2. Wind Power Nevada Policies Affecting Wind Power, www.windpowernevada.com

By The Zero Waste Alliance |

The Case for Zero Waste

Waste causes great loss of value and resources.  Humans are the only species that create waste.  We can learn to identify all types of waste and through their elimination, save money and achieve a more sustainable world.

Zero Waste – What is it all about?

The visionary goal of Zero Waste expresses the need for a closed-loop industrial/societal system as suggested below. Waste is a sign of inefficiency. Our use of the term Zero Waste includes “Zero Solid Waste,” “Zero Hazardous Waste,”  “Zero Toxics” and “Zero Emissions.”

Zero Waste, a visionary goal that strives for:

•  Zero waste of resources – 100% efficiency of energy, materials, and human resources

•  Zero solid waste

•  Zero hazardous waste

• Zero emissions-to air, water or soil

• Zero waste in production activities

• Zero waste in administrative activities

• Zero waste in product life cycle

• Zero toxics

Resulting in:

• Reduced risks to employees

• Reduced risks to the environment

• Reduced presence of toxics creates less hazardous waste

• Closed loops for materials

• Reduced costs

A Zero Waste strategy leads us to look for inefficiencies in the use of materials, energy and human resources.  To achieve a sustainable future, extreme efficiency in the use of all resources will be required in order to meet the needs of all of the earth’s inhabitants.  A Zero Waste strategy directly supports this requirement.

Zero waste is broadly applicable:

The benefits of a Zero Waste strategy can be achieved in nearly any kind of organization. Some examples are:

• Community programs can be designed to consider all uses of materials and energy both in operations and services.  Focus on zero solid waste to landfills and zero wasted energy can result in new jobs not only in the recovery process, but also in the use of recovered waste products as raw materials to produce new products.

• Business programs can be designed to uses of energy and materials in products, processes and services.  Focus on increasing efficiency by eliminating solid and hazardous waste, process wastes, wastes in production operations (motion, time, over production, misprinted invoices, etc.) and striving for energy reduction.

• Industry-wide programs can be very effective if the industry members are willing to work together. As such, it reaches its maximum effectiveness in reducing energy and material use and achieving environmental improvements.

• School programs when applied to all school activities and classroom teaching can save money while providing important education to help the younger generation be prepared to contend with coming changes.  Zero waste can be applied not only to energy and material use, but also in the facilities plant, offices, classrooms and cafeteria.

• Home programs can be developed that include energy savings, changes in purchasing habits, reduction in the toxicity of cleaning agents, use of more appropriate fertilizers and pesticides.  This can help provide badly needed education for the general population.

For more info, visit http://www.zerowaste.org/index.htm or call 503-279-9383.